Diameters
in- Pitch diameterd
- 2.000
- Outside diameterda
- 2.200
- Root diameterdf
- 1.750
- Base diameterdb
- 1.879
Diametral pitch (or module) and number of teeth: every dimension to cut and inspect the gear, the gear pair and the DXF of the profile.
Spur, involute, ISO 53 basic rack.
Profile generated by simulating generation with the ISO 53 rack (true involute, root fillet and undercut), in mm. REFERENCE layer with the pitch circle.
Spur, α = 20° · ISO 53 · equivalent m 2.540 mm
Wk: span 3 teeth with the flat jaws of the caliper. Chordal thickness is measured with a gear tooth caliper set to the chordal addendum hc.
ISO 53 / DIN 867 formulas for external spur gears. Check tolerances and backlash for your application.
In diametral pitch: pitch diameter = N ÷ DP and outside diameter = (N + 2) ÷ DP. A 10 DP gear with 20 teeth has a 2.000" pitch diameter and a 2.200" outside diameter. In metric: d = m·N and da = m·(N + 2).
Measure the outside diameter and count the teeth: DP ≈ (N + 2) ÷ OD (in inches). Round to the nearest standard DP (4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16…). If it does not land on a standard value, it may be a metric gear: module m ≈ OD ÷ (N + 2) in mm.
It is the practical way to check tooth thickness with a caliper: span k teeth with the flat jaws. For 20° and no profile shift, k ≈ N/9 + 0.5. The calculator gives k and the exact value of Wk.
Moving the cutter out (positive x) or in (negative x) when generating the teeth. It avoids undercut on pinions with few teeth (below 17 at 20°) or adjusts the center distance. It changes the outside and root diameters, tooth thickness and Wk.